旅游科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 50-70.

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权力“属性-结构”视角下民族旅游社区精英的变迁特征及机制研究

李亚娟1,2, 罗雯婷2, 欧阳辰星2, 李萍1,3,*   

  1. 1.华中师范大学中国旅游研究院武汉分院,湖北武汉 430079;
    2.华中师范大学城市与环境科学学院,湖北武汉 430079;
    3.海南大学亚利桑那州立大学联合国际旅游学院,海南海口 570228
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-05 修回日期:2023-05-01 出版日期:2023-06-30 发布日期:2023-07-11
  • 通讯作者: *李萍(1986—),女,博士,海南大学亚利桑那州立大学联合国际旅游学院副教授,研究方向为乡村旅游及旅游影响,E-mail:pingli@hainanu.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:李亚娟(1987—),女,博士,华中师范大学城市与环境科学学院副教授,研究方向为旅游与社会文化地理,E-mail:yajuan.li@ccnu.edu.cn。罗雯婷(1996—),女,华中师范大学城市与环境科学学院硕士生。欧阳辰星(1998—),女,华中师范大学城市与环境科学学院硕士生。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金项目“旅游驱动下民族节庆的变迁机制与再生产路径研究”(20CMZ033)

A Research on the Evolution Characteristics and Mechanism of Elites in Ethnic Tourism Communities from the Perspective of Power “Attribute-structure”

LI Yajuan1,2, LUO Wenting2, OUYANG Chenxing2, LI Ping1,3,*   

  1. 1. Wuhan Branch of China Tourism Academy, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China;
    2. College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China;
    3. HNU-ASU Joint International Tourism College, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
  • Received:2022-05-05 Revised:2023-05-01 Online:2023-06-30 Published:2023-07-11

摘要: 社区精英直接决定着社区治理和旅游发展的方向和效果。文章以贵州省黔东南州黄岗侗寨为案例地,构建基于权力“属性-结构”的民族旅游社区精英分析框架,探究社区精英的个体和群体变迁特征并归纳其机制。研究发现:(1) 旅游驱动下社区精英的经济资本市场化、知识资本应用化、文化资本公有化、政治资本集中化、社会资本利益化特点显著;(2) 政治精英和经济精英权力作用范围扩大,知识精英权力作用转型,传统精英衰退且作用范围缩小,精英呈现家族式集聚的特征;(3) 社区精英权力关系网络结构紧密且互动频率增加,政治精英的网络中心性地位凸显,精英作为中间人频次增多且角色日渐丰富;(4) 社区经济和社会结构变革、旅游市场需求规模化增长、特有的社会关系与民族传统、权力资本特性等因素合力推动了民族旅游社区精英权力属性和权力结构的变迁。

关键词: 民族旅游, 社区精英, 权力属性, 权力结构, 变迁, 黄岗侗寨

Abstract: Community elites are the actual participants in the development of ethnic tourism that directly determine the direction and effect of community governance and tourism development.Taking Huanggang Village in Qiandongnan Prefecture,Guizhou Province as an example,this study constructed an analysis framework of ethnic community elites based on power “attribute-structure”,explored the individual and group evolution characteristics of community elites and summarized the evolution mechanism.The findings show that:(1) the characteristics of community elite show on obvious economic capital marketization,knowledge capital applicability,cultural capital socialization,political capital concentration,social capital benefit;(2) the power function of political elite and economic elite expands,the function of knowledge elite transforms,the traditional elite declines and its function shrinks,and the elite group presents the characteristics of clan-based agglomeration;(3) the power relationship structure of community elites is close and the interaction frequency increases,the network centrality status of political elites is prominent,and the elite group acts as the intermediary more and more frequently and plays an increasingly rich role;(4) the reform of economy and society,large-scale development of tourism market,specific social relations and national tradition,and the characteristics of power capital promote the evolution of elite power attribute and power structure in ethnic tourism communities.

Key words: ethnic tourism, community elites, power attribute, power structure, evolution, Huanggang Village

中图分类号: 

  • F592.7

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